Research
Our research is primarily focused on two questions: Firstly, we are interested in why children, adolescents and young adults maintain dysfunctional behaviour despite the often long-term consequences. Therefore, we investigate short-term mechanisms maintaining dysfunctional behaviour from a functional perspective. Content-related we are primarily concerned with the maintaining factors of maladaptive exercise behaviour in eating disorders.
And secondly, we are interested in how we can improve the psychotherapeutic care of children and adolescents using digital tools. Together with the University Outpatient Psychotherapy Centre for Children and Adolescents we are investigating therapy feedback systems and data-based tools to personalise child and adolescent psychotherapy.
In our methodology we primarily use two approaches: Firstly, we use everyday ambulatory assessment via smartphones and passive sensors, which give us an insight into the experience of children and adolescents in everyday life. Secondly, we use an experimental psychological focus that allows us to investigate mechanisms under randomised controlled conditions. Our movement laboratory is currently under construction.
Current research projects at the department are listed below:
Research Topics
Driven Exercise in Eating Disorders – from Function to Habit
Excessive or driven exercise is a common symptom of eating disorders, the maintaining mechanisms of which are poorly understood. While sport is recommended for almost all mental disorders, it is often taboo in the treatment of eating disorders and even forbidden during inpatient therapy. In chronic eating disorders, the behaviour can also appear highly ritualistic and lose all functionality. In this research field, we are investigating which maintaining mechanisms (e.g. momentary changes in emotion regulation, exercise satiation, social functions) reinforce this behaviour in the short term. In a further project, we will investigate whether short-term functions of these and other maladaptive behaviours change over the course of a mental illness and when the behaviour becomes a dysfunctional habit. For this purpose, we primarily use EMA studies, but also more and more experimental methods.
References:
Kolar, D. R., Haynos, A., Wang, S., Lask, T., Murray, S. B., Voderholzer, U., & Gorrell, S. (in press). Identification of affective and social reinforcement functions of driven exercise: Evidence from three samples. Clinical Psychological Science. Preprint: https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/ad3mq/
Huong, C., Bernstein, E. E., Curtiss, J. E., Kolar, D. R., & Brown, D. M. (2025). Network approaches for physical activity and mental health research. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 14(1), 120–138.?https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000371
Kolar, D. R., Ralph-Nearman, C., Swanson, T., & Levinson, C. A. 2024. Exercise moderates longitudinal group psychopathology networks in individuals with eating disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 152543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152543
Kolar, D. R.?, Kaurin, A.?, Meule, A., Dittmer, N., Schlegl., S. & Voderholzer, U. 2022. Interpersonal, Affective and Compulsive Features of Driven Exercise in Anorexia Nervosa.Journal of Affective Disorders. 307:53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.044
Kolar, D. R., Gorrell, S. 2021. A call to experimentally study acute affect-regulation mechanisms specific to driven exercise in eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 54(3):280–286. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23427
Kolar, D. R., Neumayr, C., Roth, M.*, Voderholzer, U., Perthes, K.* & Schlegl, S. 2020. Testing an emotion regulation model of physical activity in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. European Eating Disorders Review. 28(2):170–183. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2706?
Exercise Satiation – a new concept to classify maladaptive exercise behaviour
At what point do we consider a sports session satisfactory and "good"? And do adolescents with eating disorders differ from healthy adolescents in this assessment? This question is addressed by the concept of Exercise Satiation. Exercise Satiation refers to the state or point in time when we are subjectively satisfied enough with our physical activity during a sports session that we voluntarily end it. This may be related to previously set goals or physical changes during exercise. In our movement laboratory, we are experimentally investigating this question.
References:
Barker, J., Kolar, D. R., Spotts-deLazzer, A., & Keel, P. K. 2022. Exercise Satiation:
A Novel Theoretical Conceptualization for Problematic Exercise Observed in Eating
Disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 55(2):176–179. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23635
Personalised Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents
Each patient is unique in his/her experience, however, we still know very little about how to ideally adapt psychotherapy to each child or adolescent, which is why we still do not provide all children and adolescents with the optimal intervention. In practice, individualisation often happens through clinical decisions made by practitioners. We are investigating the extent to which data-driven algorithms, which make data-driven recommendations based on a multitude of measurements in the everyday life of the patient or over the course of psychotherapy, can optimally adapt the treatment for the patient. For this, we will use EMA, passive sensing through wearables and digital therapy feedback systems in the University Outpatient Psychotherapy Clinic for Children and Adolescents.
References:
Kaurin, A. & Kolar, D. R. 2022. Ambulantes Assessment in der Klinischen Kinderund
Jugendpsychologie. Psychotherapie. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-022-00605-x
Kolar, D. R., Huss, M., Jenetzky, E. & Hammerle, F. 2017. A smartphone-enhanced
low-threshold intervention for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (SELTIAN): Study
protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMJopen 7:e018049. doi.org/10.
1136/bmjopen-2017-018049
PECAN
With the help of perceived causal networks (PECAN networks) patients can establish connections between their most priority problems. The focus here is on how, from the patient's perspective, existing problems are caused and maintained. Our aim is to use PECAN networks to adapt psychotherapeutic diagnosis and treatmend more precisely to the needs of individual patients and improve them accordingly. There is already some positive scientific evidence for the use of PECAN networks with adults. This is still lacking for use with children and adolescents.
The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the practicability and usefulness of PECAN networks in the psychotherapeutic care of children and adolescents.
Publications
? shared authorship
Under Review
Kolar, D.R., Haynos, A.F., Wang, S.B., Lask, T., Murray, S.B., Voderholzer, U. & Gorrell, S. Identification of affective and social reinforcement functions of driven exercise: Evidence from three samples. https://psyarxiv.com/ad3mq/
Kolar, D. R., Monteleone, A. M., Cascino, G., Meule, A., Naab, S., & Voderholzer, U. (2022, September 21). Pathways between child maltreatment, psychological symptoms, and life satisfaction: a network analysis in adolescent inpatients. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/enpk6
In Journals
2023
Monteleone, A. M., Cascino, G., Meule, A., Barone, E., Voderholzer, U., & Kolar, D. R. (2023). Pathways between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction in adolescents with eating disorders: A network analysis. European Eating Disorders Review, 1– 10. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.3000???????
Meule, A., Kolar, D. R., Gaertner, T., Osen, B., Rauh, E., Naab, S. & Voderholzer,
U. Depressive symptoms and weight change in inpatients with anorexia nervosa: a
cross-lagged panel model.
2022
Meule, A., Kolar, D. R., Schlegl, S., Rauh, E. & Voderholzer, U. Illness Duration and
Treatment Outcome of Anorexia Nervosa. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2022.2114586